KONSEP ANTI-EKSTREMISME DALAM QS. AN-NISA' [4]: 171 TERHADAP LARANGAN GHULUW DALAM BERAGAMA MENURUT TAFSIR TARBAWI

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the concept of anti-extremism in QS. An-Nisa' [4]:171 through the perspective of tarbawi tafsir (educational interpretation) with a focus on the prohibition of ghuluw (excessiveness/extremism) in religion. The phenomenon of religious extremism developing in the digital era indicates the need to strengthen the values of moderation derived from Islamic teachings. This research employs a qualitative approach with library research as the research type. The primary data sources consist of the Qur'an, particularly QS. An-Nisa' [4]:171, as well as classical and contemporary tafsir (exegesis) books, while secondary sources include books, scientific journals, and relevant research findings. Data collection techniques utilize documentation, and data analysis techniques employ content analysis. The research findings indicate that QS. An-Nisa' [4]:171 contains three main principles of anti-extremism education, namely the prohibition of ghuluw in understanding religion, the reinforcement of moderate attitudes (wasathiyyah), and the formation of a balanced religious pattern between creed, worship, and social aspects. From the perspective of tarbawi tafsir, this verse contains educational values in the form of developing critical attitudes, tolerance, respect for differences, and rejection of excessive fanaticism that has the potential to give rise to extremism. The research findings also show that the concept of the prohibition of ghuluw has strong relevance to the theories of religious moderation, multicultural education, and peace education that are developing in international studies. Therefore, QS. An-Nisa' [4]:171 can serve as a conceptual foundation in building an Islamic education system capable of preventing the development of extremism and strengthening a culture of tolerance in modern society.