DARI SINEMA KE PLATFORM DIGITAL: ANALISIS NARATIF KOMPARATIF REPRESENTASI BUDAYA KOLONIAL DALAM FILM BUMI MANUSIA

Abstract

Bumi Manusia (2019), directed by Hanung Bramantyo and adapted from Pramoedya Ananta Toer's novel, was re-released in an Extended format in 2026 on the streaming platform KlikFilm to commemorate the centennial of Pramoedya's birth. Unlike the theatrical version, which runs approximately three hours, the Extended version nearly doubles the runtime by restoring previously omitted scenes, including deeper character relations, identity conflicts, and colonial tensions central to the source novel. This shift in distribution medium, from cinema to digital streaming, opened narrative space that was not feasible within the single theatrical release format. This study aims to comparatively examine how the representation of Indonesian colonial culture and history is constructed across both versions of the film, and how the shift in distribution medium affects narrative depth and the transmission of literary values from the source text. Employing a qualitative, non-participant approach through comparative narrative analysis, this study draws on adaptation theory (Hutcheon), film narratology (Genette), and cultural representation theory (Stuart Hall), with scenes, dialogue, and visual symbols in both film versions serving as the units of analysis. The findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between literary adaptation, colonial-indigenous identity representation, and the transformation of viewing culture in the era of digital content distribution, as well as to offer an academic contribution to the study of digital media and culture in Indonesia.